A aporia do perdão: memória, avanços e retrocesso na realidade brasileira.

Abstract

This paper follows the “state, society and social policies” research line within the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Social Policy and Citizenship, and it is a contribution to the critique of the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship (1964/1985) and the movements arising from it, its consequences in the social policies development in the construction of the historical memory of individuals - with respect to the socio-metabolic mutation of historical subjects into goods predicates - and the possibility of forgiveness beyond the Amnesty Law (Law No. 6.683/79). This is because it is clear that this transition period in the organization of political power has not yet been overcome and understood in its entirety, even after more than 50 years of the authoritarian regime outbreak in Brazil, considering the recent antagonistic judgments handed down by the Supreme Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. To encompass the key proposition in the thoughts of Hannah Arendt - that opposes power and violence, revealing the banality of evil - and the ideas of Walter Benjamin - with emphasis on theories that underlie “the concept of history”, therefore, the dialectical relationship between time and space - our intention is to elucidate the perverse logic that has trapped us in a constant present. The goal is to achieve the primary of all knowledge, that is, the understanding of this period through historical research (primary and secondary sources) and seizure of the key categories of / to conceptual analysis of the dictatorship, forgiveness and memory in reference to the three fronts: the first one deals with the culture of impunity and oblivion still engendered under the aegis of the authoritarian regime (1964-1985) and based on the amnesty law as an obstacle to criminal prosecution; the second seeks to understand the (im)possibility of generalization of forgiveness and domination without a subject; and, finally, this work will be treated from the danger of building a memory based on narratives, experiences, the playback of testimonies and files without all these going through the test of reason and public debate. Therefore, we will make use of the inductive and dialectical approach methods, which will be developed in an interdisciplinary way, since the theme interface wealth so requires. The methodology is guided by qualitative connections from historiographical review, i.e. the use of written records of historical subjects and interviews with women who have lived and narrated their experiences. They were defined from the applied content analysis through narratives and texts made by women activists who lived through the dictatorship period - key categories and numerical evaluation of the occurrence frequency of certain terms, expressions, buildings and categorized references. Senses, meanings and memories, their lines overflow time and space and provide the ability to understand the country history through individual and collective memories.