Integralidade da atenção à saúde: a percepção de mulheres em um serviço de aborto legal

Abstract

This work presents the results of an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, that have analyzed the perception of women that performed abortion, in cases provided by law, about the attention received in referential statewide service in Salvador, Bahia, electing as the analysis axis the principle of integral attention. Starting from the hypothesis that the integral attention to women's health, seeking legal abortion, is compromised because, although exists in current legislation, is not consummated due to the shortage of information, discontinuity of the procedures and insufficiency of services; we established as the general objective the understanding of women undergoing legal abortion perspective about the attention received. Order to better discuss the concept of integrality, undertakes assay by documental investigation about the construction of health care politics in Brazil, with emphasis on the Sistema Único de Saúde (Unified Health System), the legal abortion, and the debate on the nexus between gender, violence and abortion. Interviews were conducted with three women who performed abortion in referential statewide service, using a semistructured interview guide, and the analysis was divided into categories related to the perception of the service received in legal abortion service, before, during and after termination of pregnancy. Ethical aspects were respected. The construction process allows us to understand that abortion care process, entered in the framework of respect for women’s human rights and the free exercise of their reproductive rights, still faces socio-cultural-religious obstacles within the unequal power relations dynamics, perpetrated and reproduced by naturalization of gender differences. Pregnancy resulting from sexual violence encompasses different expressions of the social issue and indicates the complexity of facing the problem. The information produced achieved the specific objectives of identifying the sociodemographic characteristics of these women and know their perception of the care provided before, during and after the process of termination of pregnancy, and understand that, despite the integral attention to women's health seeking legal abortions be achieved partially, it is compromised, given the limits indicated in the service.