Gestão ambiental na mineração: planejamento ambiental aplicado na Pedreira Aratu, município de Salvador (BA)

Abstract

This study has the general objective to present and discuss all legal procedures that are required for mineral and environmental compliance for small / medium-sized mining companies that extract aggregates for the construction industry - specifically gravel. The research aims to make a general approach to mining in Brazil and in the state of Bahia, taking into account especially all environmental and legal context in which the mining activity is inserted. To this end it was made a case study of a company's quarry Aratu Mining and Construction Ltd. (Quarry Aratu) that extracts and sells gravel in the metropolitan area of Salvador (BA). Through this study seeks to understand how is the planning and environmental management of an aggregate mining company. Wanted answer whether the administrative procedures required by the law are effective for mitigation of the environmental impacts of mining and / or are efficient instruments for environmental management of the impacted area. This work has its contribution in that it tells the company that mineral resources are finite and non-renewable assets and that will only be available for this and future generations if used rationally and with minimal aggression possible to the environment. The working method used was given from all the theoretical background required by the legislation (mineral and environmental) for activity, complemented by studies and field data collected on-site, such as survey and assessment of environmental impacts identified in the area of quarry; Laboratory tests Water samples; and seismographic data. At the end, based on the interpretation of results, we recommend a series of procedures that are necessary for better environmental management of the project / activity as a whole, as well as suggest a readjustment and / or improvement of the actions already underway in Quarry Aratu. Among others, it is emphasized the importance of implementing an Environmental Management System (EMS), environmental emergency plan, completion of the solid waste management program, demarcation of new areas of sterile / send-off, resizing the stands, cloistered crushing equipment, full drilling with water, improvement of training and technical training of workers.