Humanização na relação mãe/pai/bebê prematuro em uma UTI neonatal: a separação precoce

Abstract

This research aims to understand how is experienced the relationship of humanization of the mother / father / premature baby during the hospitalization of newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. This study aimed to know the construction of subjectivities since the hospitalization and the abrupt separation of the babies. A descriptive qualitative and ethnographic approach, was used. The material was collected by observation in the field in the Institution and by conducting interviews using a semi-structured script. The choice of mothers, parents and professionals who participated in the survey was for convenience and occurred in the intensive care unit. Interviews were conducted with seven mothers, seven fathers and seven professional who followed and lived the experience of the early separation of the newborn as well as took care of premature infants in their daily practice. The theoretical foundation was Winnicott reference, a Psychoanalytic approach of how is the construction of the maternal bond. The discussions and results allowed to: understand the challenges faced by mothers, parents and health professionals in the binding process with the hospitalized baby; feelings about the early separation; the relationships built between mothers, fathers and health professionals in the hospital setting; issues related to communication between professionals and the mothers, fathers and families; coping strategies used by mothers to approach their child, as well as the suffering experienced. The research looked for understanding the humanizing relationship and the support directed to mothers and fathers by the health team, offering more humanized care strategies. It concluded that early intervention, incorporated into the humanized care established by the constant dialogue with the healthcare team, can build support networks aimed at baby rapprochement with their primary caregivers at the moment of separation, which might result in a reduction of their stay in hospital and a better quality of parental bonding.