Crise agrícola no Recôncavo Baiano (1890-1910): município de São Felipe/ Bahia

Abstract

It discusses mainly issues concerning agricultural crisis that befell the hollow tract of land of Bay of All Saints territory, in the first decade of the 20th century. For this, emphasis is placed on analysis of social and economic relations in the region and discusses the State role in these relationships. It is understood the State as political and ideological instance, while that was the main inducing agent of capital demands in the territory at that time. Between the late 19th century and early 20th century, the hollow tract of land of Bay of All Saints was marked by a set of social, political and economic issues that have affected, directly or indirectly, the whole set of social relations, of production and consumption, this broad area of Bahia territory. Resulted addition, a conjuncture of crisis in the agricultural economy, which lasted throughout the first decade of the 20th century. Especially during the Bahia government of José Marcelino de Souza from 1904 to 1908. It was noted that the notion of "agricultural crisis" it’s applied especially to sectors involved in the production and export of sugar. In the specific case of San Felipe, located south of that territory, there was an economic structure centered on three basic products: manioc, coffee and sugar and the predominance of the worker in the socioeconomic status of aggregate or tenant. It was noted that the production, distribution and consumption were destined for the local market, supplying the city of Salvador and the Hinterland. It was noted that the documents examined, especially inventories and friendly shares, do not make references to the agricultural crisis. From this evidence, it is consistent to assert that this region of San Felipe, by possessing a characteristic of family subsistence or economy. And an array of diversified production. For these reasons, the notion of agricultural crisis does not apply fully to this region. From these evidences, proposes further analyses in other areas of the economy within that same family, in order to understand the extent of the agricultural crisis. And investigate the hypothesis that family structure and diversified economy would be less affected by the ongoing crisis produced within relations of new republican society