Infecção por arbovírus e suas manifestações neurológicas

Abstract

Arthropod-borne diseases are known as arboviruses, and are gaining prominence, as they are a serious and constant threat in the tropics. Recently, Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) had great repercussion for causing epidemic outbreaks in Brazil, and for the development of manifestations that directly affect the nervous system. Transmission occurs in a sustained way in urban areas, through mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. The adaptation of the vectors became favored in tropical regions, due to population migration, and precariousness of the sanitary conditions. Objective: Report the neurological manifestations related to infection by arboviruses such as Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review of the literature, using original articles indexed in the electronic databases SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS, and elaborated following the PRISMA recommendations. The researches were carried out by consulting the vocabulary of Descriptors in Health Sciences (DECS), using descriptors in Portuguese and English. The selected articles have been published in the last four years. Results and discussion: 345 articles of databases were recovered, and of these 30 articles were selected for this review. In total, there were 4,072 patients, from fetuses to the elderly affected by the 26 reported neurological manifestations; 90% of the studies approached ZIKV, while 16.66% were CHIKV, and 3.33% were DENV. Final considerations: This study brought Brazil as the most epidemic site to the ZIKV, followed by French Polynesia and Martinique, according to the number of works found. It was possible to analyze how CHIKV, DENV and CHIKV relate to the neurological manifestations