Resistência de enterobactérias a beta-lactâmicos mediada por beta-lactamases de espectro estendido e carbapenemases

Abstract

Beta-lactams are a class of widely used antibiotics since their discovery to date. As a consequence, bacteria that were previously susceptible to them have developed resistance to this class of drugs. Among the mechanisms of resistance, the action of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases enzymes (ESBLs), especially produced by bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae, stands out. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains are the main ESBLs producers, of which we can highlight KPC, NDM-1 and OXA-48 that are carbapenemases of great clinical importance, as they are enzymes that confer broad resistance to beta-lactams and other antibiotics. Hence, therapies that were commonly used to treat infections caused by these bacteria are currently inefficient against them and the identification of new drugs capable of inhibiting these enzymes became more urgent