Impactos psicológicos em pessoas submetidas a cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Obesity is a disease caused by several factors such as: genetic, high calorie diet, lack of exercise, stress, and anxiety is characterized by the accumulation of body fat. Bariatric surgery (BS) is indicated as a last resort treatment and for patients with BMI ≥ 40kg / m² or in patients with BMI ≥ 35 associated with comorbidities. Faced with this intervention, it is common for some psychological impacts to occur, such as sudden weight loss, stress, mood disorder, anxiety, depression, binge eating, behavioral changes and suicidal ideation. Objective: To evaluate the psychological impacts on people undergoing bariatric surgery. Method: Literature review with integrative approach, with publications of 2009-2018, in Portuguese, English and Spanish and that address the subject of study clearly, available in electronic databases such as: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs) and Electronic Health Journals. Results: Based on the studies, bariatric surgery has been the most commonly used intervention to combat the disease. Obesity, however, can trigger some eating disorders that lead to both excess and weight loss. After surgery the most common are: binge eating, bulimia and anorexia. Final considerations: It was possible to notice that bariatric surgery has a great impact on the patient's emotional sphere. Given the above, it was identified that CB does not only improve quality of life, although its positive changes are remarkable.