O pai ou a função paterna em Lacan de A família

Abstract

This dissertation has the objective to understand why in the actuality there are a great emphasis in the decline of the father symbolic function, if since 1938, in the article The family (1987), Lacan do attention for another type of decline, he refer to the decline of the father social image, making this decline the responsible for a psychological crisis that Lacan identify through the new kinds of neurosis. The hypothesis formulated here indicates that Lacan, in a way, indicates the evidence of the decline of the paternal function when he announces his thesis of the decline of the social image of the father. What this dissertation has notice is that to Lacan the symbolic has its value because of the power of the imaginary in the peoples mind, therefore, in Lacan the decline of the father symbolic function is inevitable, because it depends on the image of the person who operates it, he means the father image that is identified as degraded. The method used in this work corresponds to the bibliographical revision, it´s mean, to verify the contributions of the psychoanalytic theory, as we know by Lacan, that offers elements to reflect about the family, with particular focus in the constitution of the peoples mind, for what the paternal function fulfills excellent paper. In the Introduction it has one brief walk through the social and historical panorama that would justify the Lacan thesis of the decline of the father social image and the new forms of neurosis. In the second chapter the focus is the Freud psychoanalysis concerning the paternal function with intention to approach the psychoanalytic reference of Lacan in this article about the family. After that, we talk about the concept of father´s name developed by Lacan, considering the moment of the birth of this concept and the influence of the structural anthropology of Lévi-Strauss to the birth of this term essential to understand paternal function e, consequently, its decline so divulged by the authors contemporaneous. In the fourth chapter, we return to the paternal function as it appears in Totem and taboo (1913/1996), considering the importance given for Freud to the prohibition of the incest, and its hypothesis of the birth of this law related to the father´s death. The fifth chapter proposes understand what the father´s name operates in the people´s mind, but we propose it by treating it through the effect of its absence in the people´s mind. To talk about that, we appealed to Lacan texts that deal with the psychosis, as well as those that had served to it of vehicle for the elaboration of its clinic of the psychoses. After that, in the sixth chapter, we discourse about to the reality of the father symbolic function, considered in decline, and the possible effect of this decline for the people and the current society. At last, in the conclusion, we propose a reflection about the actual reality of the family and the society that have a father who doesn´t have any more the authoritarian statute, and either the symbolic statute, so necessary to do an essential function to the mental organization of the human beings.