Significado e desejo de maternidade entre mulheres portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana – HIV

Abstract

In recent decades, the Brazilian woman lived many physical and psychological changes as a cultural, social and historical, being regulated by norms and duties imposed by Brazilian society. Recent research shows that women represent a population with high rates of infection, characterizing a challenge in the design of effective preventive strategies. AIDS in Brazil is featured on the international and the treatment of HIV / AIDS patients involves organic care, preventive guidance to patients and families on the risks, means of contamination, symptoms, pharmacological treatment. Being sticking the perception of psychological distress of the patient, not just the neurological implications, but the subjective aspect itself. However, what is observed is that this paper is directed preventive measures while the subjective aspects are addressed when so incipient leaving these women vulnerable to the risks involved in pregnancy and viruses. The study then seeks to identify and understand the desire and meaning of motherhood for women with HIV. As specific objectives, it is proposed to discuss how the HIV-positive woman perceives and deals with motherhood and identify possibilities for democratic choices regarding sexual and reproductive health in the health service. The research is a qualitative study if they came from a reference anchored in the areas of nursing and psychology to analyze the narratives of eight pregnant women with HIV, experiencing different stages of pregnancy and disease. The women participating in the study are accompanied by service prenatal offered in a reference center for AIDS in the city of Salvador and were interviewed based on a semi-structured especially designed to achieve the study objectives. The study preserves the identity of the participants and confidentiality of information, attention to ethics in research with human subjects in accordance with. The analysis of the interviews was to identify recurring themes relating to the meaning and desire for motherhood articulated the following dimensions: perpetuation of the species and continuity of life through "another being"; treatment adherence and increased life expectancy for care with their children. It was found that the interviewees wished to become pregnant and have children despite the diagnosis report and the satisfaction of being a mother justified by a maternal instinct, coupled with the 'divine gift' or 'female role', still accompanied by feelings of motivation and happiness in perpetuating generations. Although research evaluating a specific phenomenon that involves feelings of a limited number of pregnant women with HIV in a given field of research, it is hoped that studies such as this may contribute to the expansion history of the prevention and control of HIV / AIDS among pregnant women in country, as well as assist in planning interventions for future actions aimed at improving the quality of care for pregnant women with HIV / AIDS professionals assisting in the management, and understanding in all aspects that involve living with the virus. We suggest, therefore, further studies on this topic geared for professionals in the health field involving a larger number of subjects and from other phenomena: hard on awareness of maternal desire in women with HIV.