Qualidade de vida e desempenho escolar de estudantes com deficiência auditiva e suporte familiar no processo de escolarização

Abstract

Family support in the schooling process can affect quality of life and school performance, especially for students with hearing impairment. However, a lack of studies has been identified that have evaluated the impact of this support on students with disabilities who attend public schools. This study aims to analyze the quality of life and school performance of students with hearing impairment, taking into account the degree of disability impairment and the presence or absence of family support in the schooling process. It is an exploratory, quantitative and sectional research that had the audience of students with hearing impairment who attend the second segment of elementary school or high school in two public schools of regular education in the municipality of Lauro de Freitas. Students receiving family support in the school trajectory were compared with those who did not. Sociodemographic data, school series, etiology and degree of impairment of hearing loss, reported by the school unit, were analyzed descriptively according to the medical report. A questionnaire designed to collect data on family support for school activities was also applied. To evaluate the quality of life, the abbreviated version of the World Health Organization of Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL Bref) was used and to evaluate the performance data were obtained from the records of each student, provided by the secretariat of the school units. Quality of life and school performance scores were compared between students with a greater or lesser degree of impairment, as well as with or without family support, using Fisher's Exact, Student's T, Mann-Whitney and ANOVA tests Oneway with Bonferroni correction. We adopted 5% alpha and 80% power. The presence of family support is related to the degree of impairment, it is usually offered by the older sibling or the mother, and impacts the school performance and quality of life of students with hearing.