Memória pessoal e coletiva de família a partir de narrativas sobre a casa da infância: um diálogo entre a Psicologia Cultural e a Analítica

Abstract

The thesis discusses the relationship between personal memory (Jung, 2000, Pollak, 1992) and collective memory (Halbwachs, 1980, 1992, Wagoner, 2012) from the narratives of members of the same family about their memories of the childhood home. It was intended with this research to analyze similarities and dissimilarities of the narratives of members of the same family about their memories. As the childhood home is a common context of socially shared living, the family then becomes the privileged space for in-depth study of the self-other relationship. For this, the present work promotes dialogue between studies of analytical psychology (Jung, 1971, 1981, 1988, 1999, 2002, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013, Hillman, 1989, 1993, 2008, 2010, Von-Franz, 1993, 2008, Kalsched, Singer e Kimbles, 2004) and cultural psychology (Valsiner, 2017, 2018, Zittoun, 2003, 2003a).. The hypothesis raised points to build methodological bridges that recognize the collective construction of memory, just as the poetic capacity of subjectivity in producing personal memories (Boechat, 2000) . Three dimensions are then valued for the analysis of data: the social, the family relations and the subjectivity of the person. Individual interviews were conducted with members of three distinct families. A middle-upper-middle-class family consisting of a couple, a daughter and a son; A family that has a socioeconomic ascendancy composed by couple and their three daughters: And a family that was interviewed in a small interior near Salvador that went through great economic difficulties in the period of the children's childhood, which had the interview of the mother, stepfather, two daughters and two children. All interviewees were adults and had as prerequisite for all family members accept make part of it. Three questions guide the interviews: What are your memories of your childhood home? In this house, were there objects that were important to you? Was there an important object for the family in this house? Following the narrative studies, the questions served as the interviewer's guide and as a means of inciting recall. The results emphasize the social construction of memory that affects the formation of the identity of the person, temporality as an essential element of the perception of the person about the phenomenon and subjectivity as a condition of transforming creativity that is lived collectively. Objects serve as anchors that draw memories and tell stories. Objects can be both biographical when associated with biography, the construction of a person's identity, and the social group. The collective formation of memory starts from the human capacity to be emotionally affected by the other. Shared experiences produce collective memories that can affect both recall and forgetfulness about facts. But still, subjectivity, the mitopoesis of the psyche, the human capacity and subjectivity of constructing autonomous stories enable the formation of individual memories and of particular way of seeing and relating to inanimate objects or facts.