Ser mãe em condição de reclusão e criação de vínculos: um estudo de caso sobre maternagem e direitos humanos no Conjunto Penal Feminino em Salvador-BA

Abstract

Since the 1990s, the number of women incarcerated worldwide has increased, especially at reproductive age. This brings us to a closer look at sexual and reproductive rights, with emphasis on maternity and mothering in this period of deprivation of liberty. Based on the scenario of the Female criminal set of the complex penitentiary Lemos Brito in Salvador - BA. The purpose of this work is to analyze the possibilities and obstacles that exist in childcare in the prison environment and how this environment can influence the development of babies. The temporal cut occurs in the present time, taking into account the years 2016 and 2017 and the condition of prisoners in fulfillment of sentence. It is used the dialogue between authors of Psychoanalysis, Philosophy, Sociology and Law, such as Aries, Badinter, Freud, Foucault, Salla and Winnicott, in order to understand the internal logic of the prison system, as well as the inefficiency of the State in exercising social control over prison daily life, violations of human rights, overlapping violences and mothering’ faces and creating links in this environment. It is assumed that maternity is not restricted to a biological event, where the baby needs are more than just one breast to develop and to constitute itself as a unit. Moreover, we must also integrate a context situation in the prison environment, the mothering can/ can not integrate actions with socializing potential and life project. In this sense, the referents of Psychoanalysis are taken through the theories of Freud and Winnicott. Through a comparative study of epistemic nature, the central idea is to manage tools for understanding the place / function played by the family in the constitution of the subject. As a result, there is an urgent need to interweave public agendas, policies and comprehensive protection of children and women - only deprived of their freedom - throughout rights and integral social promotion, access to citizenship and protecting maternal and child bonds.