Filosofia e formação crítica: pressupostos em Kant para autonomia enquanto direito social e cidadania para o ensino médio

Abstract

This dissertation is based on studies developed in the line of research - Social rights and new rights, construction of PPG subjects in Social Policies and Citizenship at UCSal. It has as a problematization proposition the following central question: The contents that have been treated in the teaching of philosophy in the third year of high school at Colégio Estadual Evaristo da Veiga in the years 2018 to 2020, which follow the guidelines of the BNCC and Curricular Guidelines for the High School in the state of Bahia, guide towards a real development of critical philosophical awareness and autonomy, as a social and citizenship right and what are the possibilities of advances from the foundations of Immanuel Kant's philosophy in the field of education? To answer this central question, we launched the following general research objective: To identify how the contents that have been treated in the teaching of philosophy in the third year of high school at Colégio Estadual Evaristo da Veiga in the years 2018 and 2020 are presented, considering relationships with the BNCC and the Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary Education in the state of Bahia to verify if they are oriented towards the development of critical philosophical awareness and autonomy, as a social and citizenship right, and to raise possibilities for advances from the foundations of Immanuel Kant's philosophy in the field of education. As a hypothesis, it was raised that the contents that have been treated in the philosophy teaching plan in the third year of High School at Colégio Estadual Evaristo da Veiga in 2016 and 2017, considering relations with the BNCC and the Curriculum Guidelines for High School state of Bahia, point to a fragmented formation of the knowledge of philosophy without developing a solid base that can support a critical formation capable of developing the rationality of critical thinking, from contents that highlight ethical, political, artistic and cultural values; through this reality and in view of the possibility of advances in human formation, we raise that the foundations of Immanuel Kant's philosophy in the field of education contribute to advances in the development of critical philosophical awareness and in training for the autonomy of high school students, as a right society and citizenship. The results of the research, in summary, highlight that the objectives and contents that have been treated in the philosophy teaching plan in the third year of high school at Colégio Estadual Evaristo da Veiga in 2016 and 2017, considering relations with the BNCC and the Guidelines Curriculums for High School in the state of Bahia, point to a fragmented formation of the knowledge of philosophy, as a proposal, for not developing a solid base that can support a critical formation capable of contributing to the rationality of critical thinking, from contents that can support ethical, political, artistic and cultural values; through this reality and in view of the possibilities of advances for human formation, we raise that the foundations of Immanuel Kant's philosophy in the field of education contribute to the development of critical philosophical awareness and training for the autonomy of high school students, as a social right that strengthens the struggle for the right to citizenship.