Crianças com síndrome de Down e suas famílias: direito à educação

Abstract

Dissertation constructed in the form of scientific article. The present study aimed to identify and describe the main conceptions, arguments and discussions developed in the scientific researches of the 21st Century related to the schooling of children with Down Syndrome, highlighting the family and social context related to the theme. Based on the approach of the social model of disability, described by Paul Hunt (1966) and human development in a critical and contemporary perspective of Paulo Freire (2000), with interdisciplinary reflexes for revealing the theme from the foundation of national and international legislation law), the jurisdictional activity of the State and the news media as a family support for the construction of a support network between the State, family and society for the realization of the schooling of children with Down Syndrome. It was adopted a qualitative methodology, based on the interpretation of the data obtained by the literature review, with the exposition of the problematization of the theme in three distinct articles. The first article is titled "The Family and the right to education of children with Down Syndrome in the legislative perspective". With the objective of identifying the legislative framework in favor of the family to realize the right to the education of the child SD. Method: an integrative review of the literature and international and national legislation, based on the search carried out at the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) of the Brazilian Institute of Information in Science and Technology - IBICT. XXI. We chose to survey the studies published in the year 2001 to 2016. Results: 192 samples, 86 theses and 13 scientific articles were integrated into the sample. Where it was possible to identify a reflection on the need to change the cultural paradigm of society so that it contemplates human diversity and brings to the fore conceptions of respect, tolerance, acceptance, solidarity and understanding among all human beings for a life in society, proposing an articulated movement among the agents involved in the educational process, namely: school, school staff, family, political authorities and society, to support the family in the process of schooling of children with intellectual disabilities derived from Down Syndrome. The second article is entitled "The child with Down syndrome and his family: strategies for education". Aiming to analyze the construction of the family support network for the school development of children with Down Syndrome. The method carried out through a qualitative documentary research based on the survey of the empirical material of the literature review, of the national scientific production in the Banco de Periodico of the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations - BDTD of the Brazilian Institute of Information in Science and Technology - IBICT of the 21st Century (2001 and 2016) and Scientific Electronic Library Online articles SCIELO / FAPESP / CAPES / CNPq / BIREME / FapUNIFESP. With the results: The importance of the interdisciplinary activity with the family and the support network as an efficient strategy for the schooling of the child with Down syndrome. Constituting a way to go to the mobilization for the construction and promotion of practical solutions in favor of the schooling of the child with Down Syndrome. The third article entitled "The journalistic media and the judiciary as a family support in guaranteeing the right to education of children with Down Syndrome". The objective is to identify the possible contribution of journalistic media and State jurisdictional activity as tools for the family in guaranteeing the right to education of children with Down Syndrome. The method encompasses the review of 21st century literature, analysis of journalistic narratives and judicial decisions in order to identify how the intervention of these social actors influence the family action for the schooling of the SD child or to resolve conflicts in this course. As a result, we identify that the activity carried out by the Brazilian digital journalistic media (in a national newspaper and the State of Bahia) in the area of the right to education of the disabled person, is associated to the description of the daily life of this population and information about accessibility (physical spaces) and therapeutic treatments. Already on the jurisdictional activity of the State there is a predominance of substitutive and substitutive decisions of the state omission in the realization of fundamental rights for all (transportation, education, medical treatment). Conclusion: With the research data, it was possible to conclude that, despite the economic interests, the media plays an important role in the process of democratization of information about Down syndrome and daily life of the disability. Likewise, jurisprudence (decisions of State jurisdictional activity) also contributes to the multiplication and improvement of the actions dedicated to the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities for their life with dignity, both interventions being a familiar basis for the education of the child with Down Syndrome.