Desenvolvimento territorial em conflito: um estudo sobre a implantação do Estaleiro Enseada Indústria Naval na perspectiva do direito ambiental

Abstract

This thesis analyzed the asymmetric relationships between two national and local projects in the construction and implementation of the Enseada Naval Industry Shipyard project in the Paraguaçu Basin, state of Bahia, observing these changes from the perspective of the right to development of the local population over the territory of the enterprise. It considers the conflicting dimension of diversified interests between state and business public agents and local actors on the territory's destiny. To this end, it is based on the process of constitution of the public decision on the enterprise, and, in this line, analyzes the strategies used by the various agents, especially government agencies such as the Union and the Government of the State of Bahia and the a consortium made up of contractors such as Odebrecht, OAS, UTC and Kawasaki, which jointly achieved approval and installation of the project, an event that integrates a national development recovery project based on the 2007 Growth Acceleration Plan (PAC) , and the resumption of the naval industry. From the methodological point of view, the study starts from the notion of "event", proposed by Milton Santos (1996), by which it is possible to articulate the dimensions of time and space, understanding that the installation of the Naval Shipyard Shipyard constitutes a disruptive episode, which reorganizes local and national actors in relation to the territory, and changes the living conditions of the communities living in the region. Articulated to this dimension, the study will seek to recompose the dynamics of transformation in its different instances based on the actors' actions and the implementation of institutional rules and norms that delimit the action and make up the arena of conflict between actors, defines the process of making decisions, advances, resources and impacts that have occurred throughout the process. The disruption of the project due to the national institutional crisis brought with it the destruction of the pillars of projected change by the local community and strongly impacted on the rights of actors involved in the installation of the site, both local and national, as an instrument of the national development policy. In this sense, based on the process of local change, the study could reach the reasons that led to the political and economic crisis and how it is concretely effective in the removal of citizens' rights to local economic, political and social life.