Dissertações de Mestrado

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Área de Proteção Ambiental como Instrumento de Gestão Ambiental: Estudo de Caso da APA Joanes/Ipitanga
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2010-04-26) Carvalho, Ivone Maria de; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2257876241055037; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Filho, Severino Soares Agra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8711185953567475
Las discusiones de temas como la conservación, preservación, desarrollo y sostenibilidad, además de bastante polémicas tienen sido fuentes de debates y argumentos de comprensión diferente, cuando se consideran aspectos relacionados con estándares de producción y consumo, mercado, políticas públicas y planificación ambiental. La planificación ambiental envolved acciones interrelacionadas y interdependientes en un proceso adonde la sociedad es al mismo tiempo objeto, objetivo y medio. El presente trabajo tiene como objeto la Área de Protección Ambiental como instrumento de gestión ambiental: Estudio de Caso de la Apa Joanes/Ipitanga y como caracterizar la APA como instrumento de gestión ambiental a partir de las relaciones entre el uso de instrumentos normativos, privilegiándose el ZEE y las estrategias y acciones que contribuyeran para la gestión de la APA en el periodo de 2004 hasta 2007. La APA Joanes/Ipitanga tiene como objetivo mayor la preservación de las nacientes y de la represas de los ríos Joanes e Ipitanga, además de su región de estuario, propiciando aún la conservación y recuperación de los ecosistemas existentes en el área. Fueran utilizadas la documentaciones indirectas de variadas fuentes (pesquisa documental y bibliográfica) y la documentación directa (examen de dados en el mismo sitio – pesquisa de campo). A partir de las informaciones examinadas se puede constatar la existencia de conflictos en el uso y gestión de los recursos, así como la APA se constituye en un elemento articulador del espacio adonde se encuentra inserida, en lo que se referee a la sostenibilidad ambiental, siendo el principal forum de diálogo de los actores de la región. El Consejo Gestor de la APA, a despecho de ser de carácter consultivo e estar carente de renovación, trae un discurso calificado en la dimensión de su espacio y proporciona gañíos y interlocuciones en su área de competencia y gestión. La APA Joanes/Ipitanga no posee aún un Plano de Manejo, siendo las demandas en la mayoría de las veces atendidas en carácter de emergencia. La APA carece de apoyo institucional y político de los órganos responsables por la gestión e ejecución de la política ambiental del Estado, para garantir la actualización de sus instrumentos de gestión e su gobernabilidad, enguanto Unidad de Conservación del grupo de Uso Sostenible, sin tolerancia y/o impotencia delante de las impunidades.
Atuação dos Subcomitês da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio das Velhas na Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2011-04-25) Reis, Carlos José; Tarqui, Jorge Luis Zegarra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9103961255626430; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Ribeiro, Elizabeth Matos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8446377792278288
The Subcommittees are important tools in managing water resources in the Hydrographic Basin Committee of the “Velhas” river. These agencies are advisory and propositive entities that function obligatorily with the participation of the three segments of the society (public authority, water users and organized civil society), being an advance in the decentralization of water management. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the institutional performance and social capital of seven Subcommittees of the hydrographic basin of the “Velhas” river: “Jequitibá” river, “Paraúna” river, “Curimataí” river, “Taquaraçu” river, “Mata” creek, “Arrudas” creek and “ Riachinho” that belongs to the hydrographic basin of the “Velhas” river. It was used a qualitative research study which was based on the application of 18 questionnaires and 12 interviews with 27 members (president and former president of CBH-Velhas, coordinators and representatives of the three social groups) involved in the management of these Subcommittees and of the CBH-Velhas. For the evaluation of institutional performance it was made an analysis from the following indicators: decision making, resource mobilization and management, internal and external communication and conflict resolution mechanisms. To describe the Social Capital it was evaluated the perception of two components: structural and cognitive. The structural perception is based on the existence of associations and recognition of social networks, of the structure and internal features of the Subcommittees. The cognitive aspects are based on the evaluation of trust, solidarity, reciprocity and cooperation on the internal and external scoop. About the questionnaires, specific questions were performed to assess the indicators (included in institutional performance and / or in social capital) ,in the case of interviews, it was analyzed the speech of the interviewees in order to collect the impressions addressing the indicators mentioned above. Among the difficulties encountered in institutional performance it can mentioned: the absence of wider legislation, to delegate more powers to these agencies, the lack of a good infrastructure, a shortage of financial, technical and human resources, low autonomy and lack of its own headquarters. However, even if there are some challenges and difficulty in performing the actions, these agencies are developing a responsible job, consciously and effectively, within the limitations, in the communities where they operate and this is due in part to the process of strengthening and building a social capital in these five years of the existence of the Subcommittees. The conclusion of the study is that the strategy of action by the Basin Committee and the relation with the subcommittees is satisfactory because it is grounded in the particular reality of each sub-basin and a construction process of decentralized management, within the existing structural constraints. It should be noted that the existence and continuity of the Subcommittees should be based on the improvement of institutional performance and the strengthening of social capital. In this sense the role of social innovators, similar to the role played by the project “Manuelzão” are important in the process of building and strengthening social networks that support the work of the Subcommittees of the “Velhas” river Committee itself.
Critérios definidores da competência administrativa no processo de licenciamento ambiental
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2011-03-01) Amado, Frederico Augusto Di Trindade; Portella, André Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1782631349656661; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Cunha Júnior, Dirley da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2828640231760353
It is common responsibility between the federal, state, Federal District and municipalities to preserve the environment and control pollution in all its forms. This means that everyone must pursue political acts aimed at environmental preservation materials and the regulation of pollution. Certainly the instrument that implements the constitutional powers allocated to political entities is the environmental licensing of power consectário environmental police force, for all activities able to generate environmental degradation should first be licensed by the competent environmental agency. However, it is very common for conflicts among the different spheres of environmental agencies to define the responsibility for licensing, which delays the development of economic and violates the Brazilian federative pact, because it generates enormous legal uncertainty. Environmental legislation provides for the criterion of the extent of damage and the dominion of the criterion as well afetável parameters defining the powers to license, but does not expressly say that the overriding criterion. Considering that the common environmental responsibilities among all levels of government must be regulated by complementary law not yet enacted, by inserting the environmental licensing in this field, it debated by Congress the bill supplementary 12/2003. Last minute, was approved in the House Amendment to substitute global 01/2009, on 16.12.2009, awaiting vote in the Senate of the Republic in 2011. This project aims to regulate the powers shared environmental and that brings a detailed treatment of the licensing responsibilities of political entities.
Educação ambiental no contexto de medidas migradoras e compensatória no Licenciamento Ambiental da Construção Civil no Município de Salvador -BA
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2013-03-27) Pinto, Márcia Guimarães; Alva, Juan Carlos Rossi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2039696191553980; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Mourad, Laila Nazem; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8464508890621003
El presente trabajo tiene como reto mostrar la importancia de la Educación Ambiental.También presenta aspectos e impactos medioambientales generados en la construcción de edificios y de la legislación vigente. Legislación Ambiental tiene instrumentos de control, la vigilancia e incluso de los estudios en el área de medio ambiente, sin embargo no ofrece actividades para prevenir la ocurrencia de daños ambientales. Las actividades de construcción civil, ya que estas actividades modificadores de medio ambiente, están sujetos a la licencia ambiental en la zona de influencia del proyecto. Este procedimiento tiene como fin: análisis de los impactos, las definiciones de las medidas correctivas y la preparación de un seguimiento y monitoreo de los impactos.
ICMS ecológico: um instrumento jurídico aplicável à gestão municipal sustentável. O caso de Itabuna, Ilhéus e Itacaré
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2011-08-30) Coelho, Leandro Alves; Portella, André Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1782631349656661; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Lima, Mario Jorge Philocreon de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2759364549381451
O Plano Diretor do Município de São Felipe e a questão ambiental: uma análise da Barragem da Copioba e Serra da Copioba
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2013-01-31) Oliveira, Valdeane dos Santos; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Portella, André; Mourad, Laila Nazem
According to articles 182 and 183 from Brazilian Federal Constitution, the municipalities must perform their social duties, taking in consideration that the city is a space to live well and with quality, by consisting into a patrimony, where stories, habits and social cultures are built. For that to happen, they must present a consistent public management that attends to such social duty, needing, for that, an effective planning. It is understood that the Comprehensive Plan is configured as a law that conducts urban planning, serving as a basis for municipal management. However, most Brazilian cities are unaware of the importance of Comprehensive Plan as a guiding instrument for the ordering of the spaces within cities and their social duties. This research aims to analyze the acts of the public authorities and the municipal Comprehensive Plan on what concerns the environmental issue on the municipality of São Felipe in the timeframe of 2001 to 2012. The absence of an efficient public management on the control and fulfillment of the Law 12.651/2012 of the New Brazilian Forest Code and the guidelines imposed by the PDDU – Plano Diretor Munipal de São Felipe (São Felipe Municipal Comprehensive Plan), Law 005/2007, has been gradually generating acts of aggressions to the environment coming from the absence of an environmental policy and control of irregular human occupation of areas covered by riparian forest. Were covered as research areas Barragem and Serra da Copioba, both located on the countryside of São Felipe – BA. The methodology of the research, a quantitative (survey data) and qualitative (field research), consisted of the development of work in four stages: theoretical and conceptual approach to the related legal and institutional prerogatives regarding the preservation of the environment; physical analysis of the municipality of São Felipe; analysis of the technical report of the Comprehensive Plan of São Felipe / BA and finally, the practices of public administration and Comprehensive Plan for the preservation of the Barragem da Copioba and Serra da Copioba. Through this research, it was verified a rampant environmental damage to lakes, springs, rivers and forests that make the riparian forest at Barragem da Copioba and Serra da Copioba, associated with poor living conditions in environmental areas and the lack of government commitment regarding compliance with the Comprehensive Plan in the municipality of São Felipe / BA.
Políticas empresariais privadas de responsabilidade socioambiental: estudo de casos
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2010-06-13) Trindade, Josefa Delma da; Alva, Juan Carlos Rossi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2039696191553980; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Ferreira, Emerson de Andrade Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5831000823189354
This research consists on the study of private enterprise policies of Socioenvironmental responsibility, by means of environmental preservation and conservation practices and actions, by indicating their environmental, social and marketing benefits in consequence. The objects of study presented are some ecology projects, works of environment preservation and conservation as developed by enterprises of large and medium size. Morais de Castro Comércio e Importação de Produtos Químicos Ltda. was taken as an empiric object, which is a medium size commercial enterprise that has developed a management of systematic and planned actions of environmental conservations, in the area of Salvador, State of Bahia. As for the study objects developed by large size enterprises handling some ecologic works and of prevention against environment pollution, we presented: Deten Química S.A and Instituto Corredor Ecológico Costa dos Coqueiros – INCECC, composed by a Board of Administration with five associated members (Comitê de Fomento Industrial de Camaçari COFIC, Central de Tratamento de Efluentes Líquidos CETREL, Fazenda Praia do Forte and Sauípe S.A.), units located at the Polo Petroquímico of Camaçari/BA. The works are differently approached, however in the same purpose, which is to benefit the biodiversity of the planet, and improving the results of the executive enterprises. In this research we show the important aspects in the way environment has appeared in the speeches and organizational practices of some Brazilian enterprises.
Políticas Públicas Voltadas a Produção do Biodiesel na Região do Baixo Sul do Estado da Bahia
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2009-11-30) Senhorinho, Marcelo Almeida; Alva, Juan Carlos Rossi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2039696191553980; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Silva, Iracema Reimão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5704701054728240
The present study discusses several interactions among the “Baixo Sul” of the State of Bahia, its population, its Atlantic Forest remnants and the probable impacts resulting from the expansion of the areas of palm oil plantations, for biodiesel production. This expansion is stimulated by Government Programs and Projects that aim at the alteration of the energetic matrix in use, based on fuels fossils by a cleaner one based on renewable fuel, especially, coming from agriculture. Brazil was always recognized by his natural agricultural vocation, which puts it in a strategically important position in this new world order. The advantages presented by the biofuels are undeniable, even in an environment more affected by climate change and a society more preoccupied with global warming and its consequences each day. It is not known when, but fatally the world oil reserves one day will be exhausted one day and substitutes will have to be found. Among the existing options, the Biofuels appear like one of the viable options. But the impacts produced by an indiscriminate expansion of the areas of cultivation and the effects on the native forests, other existing cultures, the populations and its way of life are little discussed. Finally, the study tries to demonstrate that the public incentive policies for the production of biodiesel are a positive factor of regional development, even more in a needing country like ours, but that right options must be adopted looking for models that reconcile economic development with environmental conservation.
Vítimas da contaminação por chumbo e a luta pelo direito: o caso do município de Santo Amaro na Bahia
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2011-03-18) Bomfim, Wadih Habib; Portella, André Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1782631349656661; Baltrusis, Nelson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560588032731137; Pamplona Filho, Rodolfo Mário Veiga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6474247848853228
It intends to analyze cases of victims of lead contamination in Santo Amaro, Bahia, caused by the company pollution COBRAC – Brazilian Company Lead and the effects to the health of workers and living population around the Industry. Also shows the environmental damages caused by five hundred tons of lead slag, left behind after the shutdown of the industry in 1993 and its consequences for the environment and the health of the population. It addresses the responsibility of polluting company to repair the damage caused to the environment, to workers and to the population, and, at the same time, tries to demonstrate the State subsidiary responsibility to respond for those damages, in case of negligence in the use of legal means to punish polluters for the damage, forcing them to repair it. Next, shows the kinds of liability and participation of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the cases that condemned the Brazilian State, when it was negligent to punish the infractors of the human personality rights. Finally, analyzes the lawsuits brought by the lead contamination victims and what response was given by the Judiciary and the State. In synthesis, it is intended to show the ways of solutions in national and international law, in the direction to repair the sufferings of the victims of lead contamination

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