Proteção e limpeza de ambientes costeiros da Ilha de Boipeba contaminados por petróleo: o uso alternativo da fibra de coco como barreiras e sorventes naturais
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Date
2010-08-17
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Publisher
Universidade Catolica de Salvador
Abstract
There are many centuries the man uses the oil to supply some necessities, mainly of energy
generation. Since old applications in natura until the most complex current fractions, the
hazards involved in their handling and use have increased considerably, requiring
increasingly care about the risks of accidents with leakage of these products, which usually
imply serious environmental damage. Recent disaster in the Gulf of Mexico, sinking of
Horizon Deepwater platform on April 22, 2010, disclosed that, no matter how hard if has
invested in prevention and preparedness for response, still it has risks of great ambient
damages, with catastrophic and irreversible impacts. This work has as main objective
describe the techniques, equipment and materials used for call to oil spillings in the coast,
having as starting point the experience of companies specialized in the activity of
containment and collect of spilled oil and publications of institutions that work with
exploration, production, refining and transport of oil, beyond manufacturers of materials and
equipment destined to the containment, collect and absorption of oil. The place of study
chosen was the island of Boipeba, that is situated in the stretch of the south coast of Bahia,
region known as Costa do Dendê. This site presents high environmental sensitivity to oil spill,
by owning many mangroves and coral reefs and beaches of great scenic beauty, what
makes it very attractive for tourism, currently its main source of income. Being an isolated
area and therefore lacked many resources, the research searched to identify local
alternatives to take care of possible contamination of its coastline by oil, with the use of solid
wastes that today cause visual pollution, beyond allowing the proliferation of zoonoses. In
this condition, the fiber extracted from coconut shell was the option that best met the
requirements of technical and economic feasibility, although its use on a commercial scale in
the oil industry is still in the embryonic stage. As proposed, the work suggests the promotion
of cooperatives among local residents to explore the beneficiation of coconut shell, whose
products obtained may be used in the production of oil-absorbing material or for treatment of
soil contaminated by it, and have proven applications in agriculture and handicrafts, mainly in
the industries of the construction, automotive and furniture. In the end, it is recommended
that are in-depth studies for development of materials for absorption and bioremediation from
fibre obtained from the bark of coconut and checked the feasibility of deployment of power
plants for this purpose, through businesses with activities related to the oil industry and
operating in the vicinity of the area studied.
Description
Keywords
Meio ambiente, Contaminação, Vazamento de óleo, Limpeza, Ilha de Boipeba, Environment, Contamination, Oil spill, Clean-up, Boipeba Island