Teses de Doutorado

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Browsing Teses de Doutorado by Author "Carvalho, Silvana Sá de"

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    Análise da gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Município de Salvador e os desafios ao cumprimento da lei federal nº 12.305/ 2010
    (Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2018-02-27) Sousa, Edilmar Ribeiro; Alva, Juan Carlos Rossi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2039696191553980; Portella, André Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1782631349656661; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2509418288797497; Silva, Tagore Trajano de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4247501480576742; Silva, Aida Cristina do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1506907414606148
    This thesis aims to critically analyze public policies for the effective management of Urban Solid Waste in the Municipality of Salvador, in compliance with the provisions of Law No. 12,305 / 10 - PNRS. In this law, its articles say as priorities the efficiency and effectiveness of public policies in the municipality, among them, it is worth highlighting the preparation of the Municipal Plan for Integrated Management of Solid Waste, as a requirement to prove its adequacy to the aforementioned law. It also recommends the following parameters as targets: dump extinction and sanitary landfills in the municipal territories, following the criteria for the implementation of selective collection programs, socio-environmental responsibility, reverse logistics and environmental education; encouraging the participation of civil society through programs to encourage citizen participation in the processes of screening of solid residues; creation of associations and cooperatives of collectors as a way of insertion of the unemployed in the production chain; promotion of programs for directing waste to the reuse and recycling chains. As well as, to diagnose possible difficulties faced by the public management to make the municipal territory adequate in the form of PNRS and to bring as a proposal of feasibility of this adequacy, the creation of a solid waste management model as an alternative solution for this purpose. Although there is a State Solid Waste Policy (PERS) governed by Law 12.932 / 14 in the state of Bahia, which imposes obligations and responsibilities at the state level in relation to PNRS, similar to that already provided for in federal law 12,305 / 10, that, when the municipality complies with this federal law, it will also be conforming to the dictates of state law. Thus, the research focused only on federal legislation applied to the municipality of Salvador, bringing as a result the existence of a scenario of neglect of the subject, abandonment of responsibilities by public and private managers, and the difficulty of law enforcement nº 12,305 / 2010 by the supervisory bodies, which made clear, among other things, the omission and lack of punishment of public administrations.
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    Dar voz e ouvir o cidadão: participação popular, rastros digitais e gestão cibernética da cidade
    (Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2017-07-10) Pimentel, Marcello Raimundo Chamusca; Flexor, Maria Helena Matue Ochi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4600166750512322; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2509418288797497; Mourad, Laila Nazem; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8464508890621003; Ribeiro, José Carlos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3642051581801976; Lucena Filho, Severino Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8015741662349110
    This thesis constitutes new perspectives on urban planning and management, in the contemporary context, since it inserts the dimension of cybernetic intelligence in this context, Not only as a means of controlling administrative processes, as it has been since the 1990s, With the beginning of the popularization of digital technologies, but, mainly, as means of ensuring greater popular participation in the process of competent management of the city. Competent management is understood to be the one that comply with the demands of population and to the well-being of people. For this, three categories are proposed for the administrative actions of cybernetic management of the city: the reactive-passive, the reactive and the proactive, the first one in which management reacts to a spontaneous demand of the citizen, without establishing a digital channel for this; the second is established through institutionalized instruments of dialogue with the population in the digital/hybrid environment, taking advantage of cultures of participation, collaboration and co-creation, which are encouraged by digital social media and they unfold in the behavior of people in all environments, allowing people to express themselves and to say in an increasingly forceful and systematic way what they think of their city, their neighborhood, their street, etc. And the third, through the monitoring and use of intelligent systems for capturing, selecting, categorizing, analyzing and storage information left by citizens, many of them geolocated, through their digital mobile devices in the space of the city, which in this thesis was conventionally called digital footprints. The theoretical-methodological basis used for the development of the thesis was of the Actor-Network Theory (ANT), that, by enabling a complex analysis of heterogeneous networks - which include, among actors with influence in the urban process, both human and non-human actors - potentializes the proposal of the competent management of the contemporary city, from the three categories of actions of cybernetic management, emphasizing the proactive ones. The main conclusions of the research point to the idea that information originating from digital traces - obtained through proactive cybernetic actions - they can provide a profound political and social reinvention of the city, in that by collecting the feelings and expressions of a significant part of the agents, with influence in the territory, in real time, and in an absolutely effective way, they can form a database that represents a legacy of collective intelligence for planning and urban management.
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    O fenômeno das águas doces na Região Metropolitana do Salvador: usos, alterações e abandono
    (Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2018-10-27) Porciuncula, Débora Carol Luz da; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2257876241055037; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; Tinôco, Moacir Santos; Palavizini, Roseane Simões; Randolph, Rainer
    This study demonstrates how the urbanization/industrialization process of Salvador-BA Metropolitan Area (SMA) appropriated the fresh waters of this territory, generating territorial tensions due to the use of water with changes in its course, and its subsequent abandonment. It was based on the central hypothesis that the current civilizational model, ruled hegemonically in the urban/industrial logic, considered inexorable before other forms of material and immaterial life production, is responsible for compromising availability, quality and access to water in Salvador-BA Metropolitan Area. It was verified that this process is closely related to Planning, based on a conception of Nature that guided the appropriation of the waters of that region as resource. In contrast, in other moments, water has been perceived by the planners as an obstacle to full urban/industrial development. The methodology adopted was the characterization and socio-historical problematization of the relationship between the city of Salvador and its metropolitan area with the waters. The Qualitative Indicators of Metropolitan Rurality were applied in the identification of empirical evidences that stress the rural and urban way of life, specifically in relation to the waters. The evidence was systematized in various forms of dispute expressed in three categories of tensions: (i) in the appropriation of water; (ii) in the uses that generate environmental risks; and (iii) the use of water in cultural activities. The theoretical foundations of this methodology made it possible to characterize the relationship between the rural and the urban, and between these categories and water, which are proposed as Qualitative Indicators of Tensions on Use of Water (IQTA).
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    Jequié: dinâmicas e retrações urbanas
    (Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2021-01-27) Marcelo, Valter Luiz dos Santos; Vasconcelos, Pedro de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Maina Pirajá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Nery, Maria Goreth e Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Fernandes, Rosali Braga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    Studies about city development attract attention and encourage debates in several areas of knowledge. In Brazil, such studies gain relevance with the implantation of universities and the Brazilian state structuring. To understand the city it is not enough to live in it or to observe it. It is necessary to know its geography, history, and dynamics. This research analyzes the transformations in the city of Jequie, in the State of Bahia, considering the periods of dynamism and socioeconomic downturns. The method of historical approach was adopted, from the perspective of Urban Geography, specifically Historical Urban Geography. To better approximate and understand the city's processes and spatial forms, primary and secondary sources were sought and analyzed through bibliographical, documentary, and field research. The principal social agents that acted in its territorial development modeling processes were identified. This text has four chapters, plus the final considerations, references, and appendix. In the introductory chapter, the literature review on the object of study, the city of Jequie, was elaborated. In the second chapter, the theoretical-conceptual and methodological framework that bases this study development was presented, emphasizing the contributions of Milton Santos, Pedro de Almeida Vasconcelos, and Roberto Lobato Corrêa. In the third chapter, the antecedents of the formation of the city were analyzed. Then, a periodization was elaborated to understand its trajectory, considering three periods, in which the historical and geographical context, the actions of the social agents, and the territorial development of the city were analyzed. In the fourth chapter, an analysis of Jequie's spatial structure was made, highlighting the organization of economic and social spaces, housing occupations, and its territorial development axes. In this perspective, it was concluded that the transformations in the urban space of Jequié increased the differentiation of the space, providing the formation of different territories, making evident the need for social agents, with emphasis on the actions of the State, which needs to take measures concerning infrastructure, mainly in the sectors of transport, education, health, leisure, sanitation, and housing and in stimulating the supply of work and income.
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    Mudanças socioespaciais e tendências do desenvolvimento no Recôncavo Sul da Bahia / Brasil (1970-2016):o papel de Santo Antônio de Jesus e de Cruz das Almas
    (Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2017-08-25) Pinheiro, Josemare Pereira dos Santos; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2509418288797497; Flexor, Maria Helena Matue Ochi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4600166750512322; Teixeira, Aparecida Netto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4602341145962830; Fonseca, Antônio Ângelo Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2100939179114481; Pereira, Gilberto Corso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8547934593183920
    This study is part of the debate on regional development and aims to analyze how the main political, economic and social processes, both endogenous and exogenous processes, support the recent socio-spatial organization of the most dynamic nuclei in Bahia RecôncavoSul - Cruz das Almas and Santo Antônio de Jesus - have impacted on the development of the region between 1970 and 2015. It was based on the premise that the South Reconcavo corresponds to a region under the integrated command of the above mentioned cities constituting a peri-metropolitan space, already which is well articulated to Salvador metropolitan region and Feira de Santana Metropolitan Region and it has determined its recent dynamics and its development prospects. As a result, there are four integrated objectives that correspond to evaluating RecôncavoSul centrality level and the regional intermediation role, characterizing the coverage scales of the flows that establishes in the regional and state ambiances; to identify the current configuration of the region's expansion vectors, evaluating the influences of existing networks, mainly transport and communications, and the articulations between demographic size, function and organization of the regional space; to characterize the productive systems and their structuring axes of the municipalities of Cruz das Almas and Santo Antônio de Jesus, identifying their real capacity to offer goods and services, classifying them as to complexity, highlighting their potentialities, risks and strengths for regional development, and to identify mechanisms of state policies and private management from territorial bases and both endogenous and exogenous planning spaces, articulated with the state and national spheres. To achieve these objectives, the theoretical contribution came from was explanatory questions about region, development and regional development. The research was based on documentary analysis and field work. Official data of these municipalities and the state were collected, which allowed analyzing the composition of local and regional production systems. In the field work, questionnaires were applied and interviews were carried out with agents producing the socio-spatial dynamics of the researched context. Among the main results achieved, the study showed that Santo Antônio de Jesus and Cruz das Almas played a central role in the building of the recent regional area of the RecôncavoSul, having as main force the commercial and service sector, based on the articulation of endogenous and exogenous factors, which represents an effective development trend for the region.
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    Os programas de extensão da UCSAL, UNEB e UFBA e a promoção do desenvolvimento social
    (Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2020-09-30) Lemos, Iracema dos Santos; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Maina Pirajá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cordeiro, Márcia de Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Monteiro, Emanuel Alberto Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    Extension is the dimension of the university that has the greatest relationship with society, and should provide both the diffusion of scientific knowledge and provide opportunities for the exchange of cultural knowledge in a perspective of inclusion and promotion of social justice. The thesis we defend is that the extension is configured as a tool to promote social development by training the communities for a transforming action regarding the strengthening of social participation in the development of the city. The objective of this thesis is the analysis of the extension of the Catholic University of Salvador (UCSAL), the State University of Bahia (UNEB) and the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) in the period from 2015 to 2018 in order to correlate it to the social development of the city of Salvador in the perspective of preparing for the exercise of active citizenship. To achieve the proposed objectives, the research had a quantiqualitative character and consists of semi-structured interviews with the Pro-Rectors of Extension of the three universities, it was used the procedure of documentary analysis in the normative documents (PDI, PPI, Regiment and Statute) and analysis of data on the extension in the IES in the period 2015 to 2018. The study showed that UCSAL contributed in the period 2015-2018 with social development by promoting extension actions offering training with a predominance of the education axis, provision of services and effectively contributed to the strengthening of citizenship and social participation, in this period UNEB promoted extension actions in various axes, in addition to providing services, the Pro-Rector of Extension of UNEB ratifies that the university contributed to social development, showing several examples results, in this context the UFBA offered extension actions with a predominance of the education axis and provision of services. The data found in the research support our thesis that the university extension of UCSAL, UNEB and UFBA constitute themselves as tools for the social development of the city of Salvador, as they contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the communities, by professionally instrumentalizing, strengthening the active citizenship that enables effective social participation capable of acting in social control.