Teses de Doutorado

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A construção de uma cidade setecentista no nordeste brasileiro: aspectos da evolução urbana de Serrinha-BA e influências para a sua formação
(UCSal, Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2022-11-23) Silva, Isaac Newton Carneiro da; Vasconcelos, Pedro de Almeida (Orient.)
O objeto da presente pesquisa é a análise dos fatores históricos, econômicos, sociais e políticos que levaram à criação, evolução e a existência de alguns municípios na esteira da interiorização do sertão brasileiro, principalmente na região do nordeste baiano. Se pretende investigar os fenômenos nacionais e regionais capazes de influenciar a mudança dos destinos de criação e formação da cidade brasileira e baiana, a partir dos exemplos analisados na cidade objeto – Serrinha. Além disso, analisa-se, a partir de fenômenos geográficos, populacionais e econômicos, as forças que conduziram à construção de destinos urbanos. As mudanças nos vetores de crescimento, as influências de fatores significativos, como o modelo de sesmarias, a construção de “impérios” econômicos como a Casa da Torre e a Casa da Ponte, a expansão da produção de gado e “invasão” de novos territórios, instalação de igrejas, comércio e a construção da estrada de ferro e a República; ou seja, como as estradas e caminhos de acesso foram capazes de preservar o desenvolvimento e a preservação do município. Isto considerando os fatos ocorridos no período de 1715 a 1960. Para busca das respostas utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa local e exame dos registros geográficos, históricos e econômicos da região. A pesquisa pretende compreender, em seus resultados, como foi formado o município de Serrinha e diversos outros nos caminhos que cercam o sertão baiano.
A utopia do reconhecimento da cidadania do agricultor familiar: existência e invisibilidade do cidadão rural na Bahia
(UCSal, Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2021-12-21) Figueirêdo, Maria Gorete Borges; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de (Orient.)
O presente trabalho aborda a questão do agricultor familiar não apenas o conceituado pelas políticas vigentes, mas os homens da terra, povos ou comunidades que fomenta debates acerca do processo de busca da concretização da cidadania, objeto desta pesquisa. A trajetória histórica do homem do campo, do rural, vai tecendo descompassos, violações e rupturas até os dias atuais onde o Estado posto no trilho democrático para reparar espaços e reconhecer direitos natos que foram violentados pelo Capital, em suas diversas frações, é engolido pelos interesses políticos quando se alia a esse mesmo Capital que atua sinuosamente para dificultar o processo de legalidade, legitimação e permanência do homem do campo, e das comunidades tradicionais que são agricultores nas suas histórias, na sua subsistência. Nessa construção foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o objeto de estudo se fazendo conhecer o processo histórico, como também foram levantados dados e informações acerca das políticas sociais e programas públicos que abarcam os agricultores familiares assim como indicadores sociais gerados. Como procedimento metodológico, foi adotado o método dedutivo buscando desvelar quem é o sujeito da agricultura familiar baiana e como se dá a sua construção cidadã permitindo olhar para o desenvolvimento social que lhe é ofertado, e num segundo momento em virtude da pandemia do Covid19 e por força de decretos estaduais e municipais estabelecendo distanciamento social, foi adotado como procedimento a análise de discurso de planejamentos e relatórios oficiais, indicadores sociais, encontros, lives, feiras, seminários e diálogos virtuais que ocorreram nesse período, tendo por norte o objeto de pesquisa. Nesse percurso foram identificadas discursos e práticas que favorecem o processo de subjugo, reconhecimento/negação dos direitos evidenciando a divergência entre o Estado e os interesses do agricultor familiar. Na conclusão, entre tantas reflexões revelam que de forma organizada e sistemática existe uma concertação política subalternizando os cidadãos diante das suas necessidades básicas não atendidas, até a garantia de direitos que não se concretiza na sua essência em favor da liberdade como o deveria, mas é usada como espaço de manobra pelo capital do agronegócio e o poder público, resultando numa distância abismal entre este sujeito social e a garantia da sua cidadania. Por fim, o estudo revela que os últimos acontecimentos políticos protagonizados pelo atual governo e o cenário econômico brasileiro atual são ainda mais adversos, mobilizando uma desconstrução da seguridade social, portanto da garantia dos direitos sociais, e do direito à terra. Contudo, a resistência e a luta no campo permanece em busca dos espaços e garantias almejadas desde os primórdios: o reconhecimento, a visibilidade, o direito à sua terra, à sua cultura, ao seu lugar, à sua cidadania.
Análise da gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Município de Salvador e os desafios ao cumprimento da lei federal nº 12.305/ 2010
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2018-02-27) Sousa, Edilmar Ribeiro; Alva, Juan Carlos Rossi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2039696191553980; Portella, André Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1782631349656661; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2509418288797497; Silva, Tagore Trajano de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4247501480576742; Silva, Aída Cristina do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1506907414606148
This thesis aims to critically analyze public policies for the effective management of Urban Solid Waste in the Municipality of Salvador, in compliance with the provisions of Law No. 12,305 / 10 - PNRS. In this law, its articles say as priorities the efficiency and effectiveness of public policies in the municipality, among them, it is worth highlighting the preparation of the Municipal Plan for Integrated Management of Solid Waste, as a requirement to prove its adequacy to the aforementioned law. It also recommends the following parameters as targets: dump extinction and sanitary landfills in the municipal territories, following the criteria for the implementation of selective collection programs, socio-environmental responsibility, reverse logistics and environmental education; encouraging the participation of civil society through programs to encourage citizen participation in the processes of screening of solid residues; creation of associations and cooperatives of collectors as a way of insertion of the unemployed in the production chain; promotion of programs for directing waste to the reuse and recycling chains. As well as, to diagnose possible difficulties faced by the public management to make the municipal territory adequate in the form of PNRS and to bring as a proposal of feasibility of this adequacy, the creation of a solid waste management model as an alternative solution for this purpose. Although there is a State Solid Waste Policy (PERS) governed by Law 12.932 / 14 in the state of Bahia, which imposes obligations and responsibilities at the state level in relation to PNRS, similar to that already provided for in federal law 12,305 / 10, that, when the municipality complies with this federal law, it will also be conforming to the dictates of state law. Thus, the research focused only on federal legislation applied to the municipality of Salvador, bringing as a result the existence of a scenario of neglect of the subject, abandonment of responsibilities by public and private managers, and the difficulty of law enforcement nº 12,305 / 2010 by the supervisory bodies, which made clear, among other things, the omission and lack of punishment of public administrations.
Caatinga e a comida do Sertão na microrregião geográfica e cultural de Euclides da Cunha/BA
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2018-10-02) Venâncio Filho, Raimundo Pinheiro; Flexor, Maria Helena Matue Ochi; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783259P6
Food from various Bahian territories is conditioned by their climatic conditions. The study of the caatinga and the food of the Bahian backlands reveals, in a significant way, the values of this unbelieving territory by many, as well as cultural peculiarities of what is produced regionally, involving principles of community participation and sustainability. Due to the vast extension of the Bahian sertão, territorial identities, as well as the intangible cultural heritage that involves popular knowledge and specific cultural formation presented in this thesis, the geographic and cultural microregion of Euclides da Cunha was selected for this study, highlighting the municipalities of Euclides da Cunha, Monte Santo, Canudos and Uauá that reveal a strong territorial identity through the memory of its sertanejo people, who - despite the adverse climatic conditions - indicate survival strategies, at the same time as they point out dishes of enhanced flavor, to the taste of this region. In this sense, the present work aims to identify, locate and contextualize the sertanejos customs associated to the regional climate, revealing the inheritances and traditions associated to the culinary, that involves ways of preparation, regional raw materials, beliefs, traditions and the created recipes throughout history, exhibiting the results of this process that are the food of the Bahian backlands. The most recurrent methodology of analysis and synthesis was used, using procedural techniques such as bibliographical and documentary consultations, assisted by field research, using open interviews and personal observations to qualitatively and quantitatively show the cuisine of the associated backcountry to regional culture. The data were obtained directly in the study sites, aided by other methods such as historical and comparative, mainly because, it was assumed that the culinary manifestations were transformed, from external influences, but above all to demonstrate the value and importance of sertaneja food throughout the Bahian universe. As a methodology of procedure, a documentary survey was made of sources that dealt with the subject, both bibliographical and electronic. The direct observation during the years 2016 and 2017 allowed the identification of places, people, cuisine and food of the backwoods cuisine in space and time, identifying the permanences and transformations in the focused territory. External influences, especially through associations and cooperatives, strengthen the traditional models of secular making, promoting the historical rescue by showing that the ways of living together in the backlands can also allow, through food, to mark their identity.
Comunidades remanescentes de quilombos: da escravatura à disputa contemporânea por seus territórios tradicionais
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2020-03-13) Torres, Paulo Rosa; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ribeiro, Ana Maria Motta; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Freitas, Carlos Eduardo Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vasconcelos, Pedro de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cunha, Sílvio Humberto dos Passos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
The present work concerns the question of the traditional territories of the remaining quilombo communities and their historical process of formation, organization and resistance. The historical path goes from the emergence of slavery in the history of ancient societies to contemporary ones, explaining the processes of legal, religious, philosophical legitimation. African enslavement in Brazil, the process of exploitation, the resistance of the enslaved, their forms of organization and struggles for freedom and living conditions make up the explanatory nexus of this thesis, discussing racism as a founding element of the slavery implanted here and the difficulty for part of society and the Brazilian State to recognize the existence of quilombos remnants. In this regard, intense bibliographic research was carried out on the long period studied in general and Brazilian history, demonstrating that the law in its various forms of manifestation is present throughout the slavery period, legitimizing ethnic and institutional racism, and property, which its extreme is the appropriation of another human being. A survey of ancient, medieval, modern and contemporary legislation was carried out, in addition to a vast literature accompanying each of these phases, which made it possible to substantiate the thesis that as long as the various forms of discrimination persist, land concentration and institutional racism will never be the effective titling of the traditional territories of the remaining quilombo communities is possible, since there is a systematic fight against the rights of these communities, either to revoke the protective legislation, or to create bureaucratic mechanisms that hinder or prevent the realization of quilombola rights. As a methodological procedure, the deductive method was adopted as a possibility to understand the genesis of slavery, from its beginnings to abolition in 1888 and the emergence and affirmation of quilombola communities at the same time. Along this route, three characteristics present in the ruling classes were identified, which accompany the entire process of enslavement, abolition and recognition / denial of the rights of the remaining quilombos: racism, patrimonialism and patriarchalism, which are evident in the abysmal distance between the number of existing communities, the number of certified communities, the number of lawsuits filed compared to issued titles, in contrast to the historic and current struggles of these communities for recognition, visibility and the right to their traditional territories.
Condicionantes sociais na logística de distribuição para aquisição de produtos da agricultura familiar pelo plano nacional de alimentação escolar
(UCSal, Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2024-05-27) Muniz, Tiago Pereira; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de (Orient.)
Esta tese, sob o título Condicionantes Sociais na Logística de Distribuição para aquisição de Produtos da Agricultura Familiar pelo Programa Nacional de a limentação Escolar, tem por objetivo demonstrar que a existência de condicionantes sociais na logística de distribuição de alimentos originários da agricultura familiar para alimentação escolar pelo PNAE, reduzem a eficácia da gestão escolar no cumprimento da Lei Federal n° 11.947, em contexto de insegurança alimentar no Brasil. As condições socioeconômicas e políticas que são reiteradas historicamente é o que se denomina de condicionantes. Nesse contexto, o núcleo da questão é a integração da agricultura familiar pela produção de alimentos ao mercado institucional da merenda escolar através da logística de distribuição. Para isso, foi realizado uma revisão bibliográfica sistematizada sobre o tema, onde buscou-se respostas, não só através de teorias, mas também, da possibilidade de refletir, a partir de entrevistas com agricultores familiares, da revisão bibliográfica, documental e dados, sobre o cotidiano de uma escola estadual de educação básica, no caso o Colégio Estadual Edvaldo Brandão Correia (CEEBC), situado na cidade de Salvador, Estado da Bahia, no bairro de Cajazeiras IV, na Rua Virgílio Motta Leal, Quadra 3, s/n°. Os resultados alcançados evidenciaram que a existência de um mercado estabelecido para a compra de alimentos destinados à merenda escolar nas instituições de ensino público demonstra não apenas a dimensão social das disparidades que resultam em insegurança alimentar entre os alunos, mas também a fragilidade enfrentada pela agricultura familiar. Esta última, em sua capacidade de adaptação dentro da dinâmica do sistema capitalista, tende a se submeter à integração vertical na cadeia de produção por meio da logística de distribuição de alimentos, a qual molda o processo produtivo sem considerar os modos de vida dos diversos contextos rurais envolvidos. Entretanto, nota-se a ineficácia desse sistema de mercado institucional devido à diminuição da oferta direta de produtos provenientes de agricultores familiares para as escolas públicas estaduais de Salvador-BA acarretando impactos institucionais que colocam a administração escolar diante do desafio de cumprir de forma eficaz a obrigação estabelecida pelos artigos 2° e 14 do PNAE.
Cooperação para a conquista da indicação geográfica de hortaliças folhosas produzidas em Conceição do Jacuípe, na Bahia
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2021-09-30) Rebouças, Bartholomeu Thadeu de Souza; Baiardi, Amilcar; https://lattes.cnpq.br; Caldas, Alcides dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br; Silva, Guilherme Augusto Vieira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br; Marback, Heitor Ferrari; https://lattes.cnpq.br
The thesis aimed to study the cooperation actions between producers and other members of the leafy vegetables production chain in Conceição do Jacuípe-Ba. It was hypothesized that cooperation plays a relevant role in the process of conquest of the Geographical Indication (GI). The objective was to outline the characteristics of such a practice, seeking to identify cooperation as one of the preceding factors in the search for GI recognition for such products, which is a differential element in a competitive market. The study followed the hypothetical-deductive methodology aimed at recording the characteristics present in the region that provide a favorable environment to generate notoriety in the conquest of the Geographical Indication for the leafy foods produced there. The survey was structured in two parts. The first formed by the presentation and introduction. The second consists of four thematic chapters, related to the object of the study. The first chapter highlighted the views on human cooperation and cooperative processes and entities. Chapter two highlighted the issue of Geographical Indication and its achievement process to distinguish products and services in Brazil, in two categories: Indication of Origin (IP) and Denomination of Origin (DO). The third chapter portrayed vegetables (lettuce, coriander, kale and arugula), with a survey of production and forms of cultivation, distribution and consumption. The fourth chapter addressed the development and historical, economic, geographic characteristics of the location in question, as well as its prominence in horticulture. At the end of the study, under the conditions analyzed, the hypothesis presented was confirmed and, together with the research results, they indicated that the region of Conceição de Jacuípe has the potential
Dar voz e ouvir o cidadão: participação popular, rastros digitais e gestão cibernética da cidade
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2017-07-10) Pimentel, Marcello Raimundo Chamusca; Flexor, Maria Helena Matue Ochi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4600166750512322; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2509418288797497; Mourad, Laila Nazem; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8464508890621003; Ribeiro, José Carlos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3642051581801976; Lucena Filho, Severino Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8015741662349110
This thesis constitutes new perspectives on urban planning and management, in the contemporary context, since it inserts the dimension of cybernetic intelligence in this context, Not only as a means of controlling administrative processes, as it has been since the 1990s, With the beginning of the popularization of digital technologies, but, mainly, as means of ensuring greater popular participation in the process of competent management of the city. Competent management is understood to be the one that comply with the demands of population and to the well-being of people. For this, three categories are proposed for the administrative actions of cybernetic management of the city: the reactive-passive, the reactive and the proactive, the first one in which management reacts to a spontaneous demand of the citizen, without establishing a digital channel for this; the second is established through institutionalized instruments of dialogue with the population in the digital/hybrid environment, taking advantage of cultures of participation, collaboration and co-creation, which are encouraged by digital social media and they unfold in the behavior of people in all environments, allowing people to express themselves and to say in an increasingly forceful and systematic way what they think of their city, their neighborhood, their street, etc. And the third, through the monitoring and use of intelligent systems for capturing, selecting, categorizing, analyzing and storage information left by citizens, many of them geolocated, through their digital mobile devices in the space of the city, which in this thesis was conventionally called digital footprints. The theoretical-methodological basis used for the development of the thesis was of the Actor-Network Theory (ANT), that, by enabling a complex analysis of heterogeneous networks - which include, among actors with influence in the urban process, both human and non-human actors - potentializes the proposal of the competent management of the contemporary city, from the three categories of actions of cybernetic management, emphasizing the proactive ones. The main conclusions of the research point to the idea that information originating from digital traces - obtained through proactive cybernetic actions - they can provide a profound political and social reinvention of the city, in that by collecting the feelings and expressions of a significant part of the agents, with influence in the territory, in real time, and in an absolutely effective way, they can form a database that represents a legacy of collective intelligence for planning and urban management.
A descentralização como estratégia democrática para o desenvolvimento: a Região Metropolitana de Salvador frente a outras experiências de gestão compartilhada
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2017-07-27) Carrera-Freitas, Rafael; Vasconcelos, Pedro de Almeida (Orient.); http://lattes.cnpq.br/6592341965132312
Three out of four inhabitants of Latin America live in urban centers. In Brazil, cities such as: Salvador, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte and Recife, present evident metropolitan problems, requiring coordinated actions between Municipalities, civil society and economic agents. The participation of the Member States and the Union is admitted in certain circumstances. The interdepartmental governance model should be able to guarantee the federative balance and democratic management of cities. Although the institutionalization of the metropolitan regions has been a role of the states since 1988, it should preserve decentralization as a development strategy, assuring to the local political-administrative authorities the protagonism of the execution of metropolitan public policies. To a certain extent, the political pluralism of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 finds better opportunities to manifest itself at the local level, and public spheres of participation and deliberation should be created on the functions of common interests. Although the first metropolitan areas in Brazil were instituted in 1973, during these 44 years, there was a deficient formation of intergovernmental articulation models, which were generally centralized and with a low social mobilization power, in short, adopted top-down management. In 2014, the State of Bahia published a Complementary Law # 41 and reforms the metropolitan area of Salvador, under the guise of an intergovernmental authority entitled Metropolitan Entity of the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (EMRMS). This thesis proposes to study if the conduction of this process which gave rise to the EMRMS obeyed the centralizing bias of other models of governability or broke with this tradition, promoting a more decentralized and democratic institutionalization. Based on some international scenarios, especially in the governance model adopted in Barcelona / Es and Turin / It regions, and in other metropolitan management experiences within Brazil itself, this thesis assumes that metropolitan urban planning instruments must obey the principles of democratic management provided by the City Statute, favoring direct participation, building bottom-up management. The main purpose is to demonstrate that metropolitan development depends on the empowerment of the communities that live in these municipalities that are part of the metropolitan region. This work draws on the ideas of Jürgen Habermas about deliberative democracy and the notions of development of Amartya Sen, as theoretical bases to support its conclusions. This thesis also questions the legitimacy of the EMRMS, since it did not use the principles of democratic management prestige by the Metropolis Statute and because it conferred on the State of Bahia a privileged position if compared to other subnational entities. To carry out this research, the hypothetical-deductive method was used, appropriating structuralism and institutionalism. Bibliographical surveys and visits to public agencies and institutions, as well as documentary research were done.
Desconstrução teórico contextual da aferição do capital social: o caso de municípios no semiárido baiano sob política pública 2005 a 2012
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2019-03-29) Ornellas, Edith Lemos; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de
The Theory of Social Capital has been used in scientific research, spatial analysis, planning, execution and management of public policies of emerging development spaces. Although there are significant changes in some poor rural spaces, from the implementation of public policies, as well as local movements with an associative profile, studies show that the socioeconomic profile of these spaces continues at a level of inequality, state dependence, precariousness of the basic structures of functioning of urban areas and especially of rural areas, not having characteristics in social relations that indicate the applicability of Social Capital Theory in the qualification of these spaces. Considering that Social Capital is present in the social relations of spaces in advanced development, this study is based on the systematic review of the sociological thinking of Social Capital Theory, and aims to show the universal inapplicability of this theory. The method used includes the survey of the main authors of this theory, from the 1910s to the 21st Century, includes the perceptions of the manifestations of Social Capital in 6 European Union countries visited between 2015 and 2017 and the bibliographical survey on the rural profile of the countries visited. It was used the case of five towns of the Semiárido Baiano, identified with Social Capital, under a rural poverty reduction program of the State of Bahia and the World Bank, from 2005 to 2012, Produzir III, now evaluated by the Universidade Estadual de Campinas in 2014 , with the participation of the author. The data collected in the field book of this evaluation by the author were analyzed in comparison to the official results of Produzir III. It has investigated itself Producer III program and its previous versions, as well as the profile of the 5 towns, based on its own socioeconomic data. Formal Education was briefly analyzed, as complementary information on Social Capital, based on the view of the authors who supported this thesis and from the educational data of the 5 towns. As a result, we obtained the observation that the Theory of Social Capital does not apply to spaces in emerging development, as in the Semiárido Baiano, because we did not find, in fact, Social Capital in these spaces.
Ecoeficiência logística: a gestão do consumo sustentável nas instituições federais de ensino superior
(UCSal, Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2022-08-04) Jesus, Alda Resende Pereira Borges de; Baiardi, Amilcar (Orient.)
A emergência das questões ambientais na sociedade contemporânea e a adesão do Brasil a acordos internacionais impôs que o consumo para o funcionamento do Estado deve ser adaptado de modo que o mesmo possa refletir em uma política pública de consumo sustentável eficiente. Neste contexto, o tema desta tese é a gestão administrativa do consumo sustentável nas Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras. Com foco na análise e identificação das práticas sustentáveis tomando por base o Objetivo do Desenvolvimento Sustentável no 12 e os itens constantes na Instrução Normativa SLTI no 10/2012. Com isso, objetivou-se nesta pesquisa não somente avaliar a gestão do consumo na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável, também o quanto as normativas direcionadas para o consumo sustentável vêm sendo seguidas pelas Instituições estudadas, principalmente na tentativa de contribuir e criar uma cultura organizacional em prol da sustentabilidade após a publicação da IN no 10/2012. Cujo objeto da tese é a gestão das práticas de consumo sustentável efetuada pelas IFES e pelos IFs. Neste estudo com abordagem interdisciplinar, hipotética-dedutiva, foram selecionadas as variáveis: capacitação, planejamento e governança para uma análise qualitativa de comprometimento das instituições com o problema ambiental. Os resultados mostraram que estas ainda têm contribuição incipiente para o desenvolvimento sustentável, e necessitam de ampliação das discussões sobre o tema no contexto gestor, proporcionando aprimoramento da política de planejamento e execução administrativa pública na questão ambiental.
Educação inclusiva dos alunos com deficiência na rede pública estadual de Salvador-Ba: desafios e perspectivas
(UCSal, Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2023-03-29) Oliveira, Joelma Cerqueira de; Silva, Maina Pirajá (Orient.)
Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil tem evidenciado o processo de inclusão social de maneira transformadora. Esses avanços têm se multiplicado a diversos contextos, principalmente na área da educação. Todavia, o número de indivíduos que se apresentam à margem do sistema educacional, sobretudo os que possuem alguma deficiência, ainda é grande, o que demonstra a necessidade de desenvolver e implementar políticas públicas de educação inclusiva mais efetivas. É neste contexto que este trabalho se propôs a responder a seguinte questão norteadora: Qual é a realidade, os desafios e as perspectivas dos atores envolvidos no processo da educação inclusiva dos alunos com deficiência em escolas regulares públicas estaduais de Salvador? O objetivo foi analisar a inclusão desses alunos em escolas públicas de Salvador, tendo como estudos de caso dois colégios da rede estadual: Edvaldo Fernandes e Central da Bahia, cujo intuito é entender as dificuldades e desafios enfrentados para o acesso desses discentes ao ensino. Os caminhos percorridos para a elaboração deste trabalho se embasaram em uma abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, utilizando como método de procedimento o monográfico (estudos de caso), e foi baseada em uma pesquisa participante. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, coleta de dados em sites oficiais e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados com diferentes atores envolvidos no processo de inclusão escolar, além de observações in loco. Por fim, com os resultados obtidos foi possível identificar que tanto a escola, como os professores, corpo gestor, educandos e familiares precisam se fortalecer enquanto cidadãos e agentes transformadores para mudar a realidade atual que envolve o processo de inclusão escolar, enfrentar os problemas e desafios de forma coletiva para garantir a todos igualdade de oportunidades, e juntos — comunidade e escola —, poderão proporcionar ações que vão assegurar a inclusão dos educandos com deficiência no contexto escolar em Salvador.
O elemento território e sua significação para os Pataxó da Região Extremo Sul da Bahia
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2020-03-10) Mendes, Tatiana Larissa Pendiuk; Baiardi, Amilcar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza, Ana Cláudia Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Ribeiro, Maria Clotilde Meirelles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cunha Júnior, Dirley da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Oliveira, George Gurgel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
The history of Indians rights concerning to their territory is based on discrimination and disregard of these as people, since they even had their human condition questioned. Buried from their lands, the native peoples were manipulated by political and economic interests of the established power. The "indigenous question" is far beyond a single issue, the problems faced by the Indians, are increasingly complex and dependent on the state to offer solutions, and the most urgent is the issue of territory. We seek to demonstrate the vision of the legislators, from the colonial period to the present moment, regulating issues related to the Indians, their legal status, their freedom, their autonomy and their lands in particular. In this way we expose the difficulties for acceptance of the natives in the social context, since the prevalence of Eurocentrism until recently in our history which the disqualification of these people and the construction of an invisible wall that prevented the interaction with the national society. For this part of the dissertation we developed a documentary and bibliographical research, with exploratory approach with the purpose of constructing this historical focused and knowing how the Indian was perceived in the indigenous legislation. In the first moments of the discovery the Spanish and Portuguese documents served as sources and, after acquiring greater legal and legislative autonomy from Brazil, the national documents. The indigenous territory surpasses the notion of the spatial portion occupied by these peoples; its significance is directly related to the survival of peoples in social, cultural, spiritual, as well as economic aspects. The Pataxó people are among the most expressive in Brazil, numerically, occupy the 9th position of the ethnic groups with the largest population according to Fundação Nacional de Saúde (National Health Foundation)-FUNASA data, most of them living in the state of Bahia, in the extreme south region. We tried to know the opinion of the Indians about the meaning of the territory and the importance for the development of the villages in interviews with the leaderships in 15 villages. The result of the field research contributed to this understanding and show the main need and concern of the Indians today is still the regulation of their territory.
Engajamento popular nas cidades digitais: realidades, possibilidades e desafios do planejamento territorial participativo
(UCSal, Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2022-09-06) Jesus, Arnaldo Bispo de; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de (Orient.)
O crescente interesse pelo tema das Cidades Inteligentes no Brasil, avizinha uma série de oportunidades sob a ótica do direito à cidade, da inclusão digital e do envolvimento do cidadão nos processos decisórios que dizem respeito ao território onde vive. A participação digital é uma forma de materialização de tais oportunidades, ao possibilitar diferentes meios de participação popular através do uso das TIC. Entretanto, a realidade brasileira tem se mostrado ainda incipiente no que tange a implantação das CI. A maioria das iniciativas estudadas estão circunscritas à venda de soluções de automação e infraestrutura de comunicação aos municípios. Reside aí o risco de aumento das desigualdades sociais, uma vez que os recursos necessários para a implementação deste modelo de cidade, podem estar disponíveis apenas para uma parte da população. Há ainda o risco do retrocesso democrático ao considerar que boa parte dos citadinos não estão contemplados no pacote de soluções oferecido ao município. As CI constituem, portanto, um espaço de luta pela apropriação dos espaços ‘smartificados’ das cidades. É um debate a ser travado à luz do Direito à Cidade. Neste sentido, a exclusão digital e a falta de capacitação técnica, são entraves a serem superados frente ao grande desafio de inserir tecnologicamente a população local no processo participativo apregoado. Uma possibilidade é trazida pelo Programa Brasileiro das Cidades Digitais, uma iniciativa na qual um dos objetivos é incluir digitalmente a população e prover acesso gratuito à internet. O programa já contemplou 33 municípios baianos, o processo de implantação e os resultados obtidos até o momento são discutidos neste trabalho. Desenvolveu-se então um modelo de participação digital baseado no uso das mídias sociais, por serem essas amplamente aceitas na sociedade brasileira e consolidadas no cotidiano das pessoas. O modelo é um instrumento tecnológico, utilizando a abordagem dos descritores sintáticos a fim de esconder a complexidade técnica da implementação tanto para os gestores quanto para os usuários cidadãos. Trata-se de um protótipo evolutivo, no qual é possível a participação de especialistas de diversas áreas, potencializando que a solução esteja sempre em crescente desenvolvimento. A solução é concebida sob a abordagem do software livre e de código aberto, o que permite a inserção de novos municípios com baixíssimo ou até mesmo nenhum custo financeiro. A natureza da iniciativa é portanto democrática, com potencial de que os resultados obtidos em seu uso, possam de alguma forma, contribuir com a construção de um efetivo governo eletrônico em nível local.
Escola, família e comunidade: o lugar da (re)afirmação identitária da juventude do campo
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2020-03-27) Santos, Murilo Pinto Silva; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Baiardi, Amilcar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Giugliani, Beatriz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Godinho, Luis Flávio Reis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Sá, Kátia Oliver de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This Doctoral Thesis aims to demonstrate the relationship between motivations for social mobility and the identity of rural youth in the cities of Inhambupe and Cachoeira, between 2011-2019. The problem that motivated this Thesis, and that we seek to understand and explain, is in the research question: Is the (re) affirmation of the identity of rural youth what motivates them to stay in rural areas? In this sense, the general objective of this study was to demonstrate whether there are relations between motivations for social mobility and the identity of rural youth in the cities of Inhambupe and Cachoeira, in the aforementioned period. The achievement of this objective is divided into four other specific objectives: a) systematize the multiple contexts of identity construction; b) to characterize the youth of the countryside and describe their practices; c) evaluate Alternation Pedagogy as meaningful contextualized teaching; and d) analyze the representations of rural youth. The research was guided by the hypothesis that the absence of (re)affirmation of the identity of the youth of the countryside impacts their social mobility; that is, the decision between staying or leaving the countryside. The complementary hypothesis was that, by not reinforcing the feelings of belonging, recognition and diacritical signs of these young people, they will detach themselves from their roots due to the fragmentation of identity, regardless of the valuation of autonomy imposed on these young people. The methodological choice was reflected in the multiple case study, examined in data of a mixed nature - qualitative and quantitative, privileging the boundaries by literature review, documentary analysis, direct and participant observations, interviews, structured and semi-structured questionnaires. We sought, throughout the chapters, not to dissociate theory from practice (the empirical dimension of the Thesis) because we believe that both complement and strengthen each other in the face of analysis. We conclude that the identity of the individuals investigated in this study, rural youth, cannot be (re) affirmed if it is disconnected from any of the elements belonging to the school-family-community triad, which would result in the fragmentation of perception with regard to this individual's link to their locus of insertion. From this study it was possible to affirm the interference between identity and social mobility by understanding the processes of construction, affirmation, reaffirmation and strengthening of the identity of rural youth; recognition of the dynamics of affirmation and reaffirmation of identity; and the importance of the interference of collective subjects in the face of this process, such as family, school and community, which connects the focus of the research to support the implementation of educational public policies with greater potential for effectiveness due to the identity link to the target audience.
Esquistossomose Mansoni no município de Santa Inês/Ba: políticas públicas e fatores associados à prevalência endêmica
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2018-01-25) Almeida, Miguel Rodrigues de; Baiardi, Amilcar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5894026951550520; Silva, Raimundo Luiz Nunes Vaz da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2445409246977757; Mata, Henrique Tomé da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9168722643424017; Mendes, Januzia Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6529245288863530; Miranda, Fabihana Souza Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6577693682037243
In order to investigate and identify the factors associated with the endemic prevalence of schistosomiasis in the of Santa Inês city / BA, this qualitative study was carried out in function of its sociological bias. Thus, this study had as parameters the research of the public policies of health, adopted in Brazil, and field research through questionnaires and interviews in the studied area. Bibliographic, exploratory / explanatory and field research were carried out. In the field survey, 10 (ten) questionnaires were applied to the schistosomiasis patients, living in referred county, and three (03) interviews were conducted, being one (1) the Municipal Secretary, Health Manager and two (2) with the only professionals working in the PCE, to meet all municipal demand. The results indicated that the factors related to the endemic prevalence, are associated to the weakening of health in the studied area. Shortage of health personnel to meet PCE demands in the municipality, poor infrastructure, lack of material and vehicles to attend to routine operational activities, lack of a health educational policy, scarcity of medicines, lack of information for the population, lack of partnerships between the Department of Health and other public agencies, are among the main factors identified, contributing to the endemic prevalence of Schistosomiasis in the Santa Inês county/ BA.
A estratégia de ser e de viver: conflitualidade e tensionamentos entre pescador artesanal e plano de desenvolvimento
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2020-03-26) Paixão, Luis Henrique Couto; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Mourad, Laila Nazem; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Delaporte, Maya Constance Manzi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Gonçalves, Manuel Vitor Portugal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza Filho, José Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
The strategic planning has been the solution many cities have found to overcome financial crises in order to attract investments to stimulate the economy and bring benefits to the population and the companies. In this way, Cairu, in the east coast of Bahia, has adopted the Development Plan (Cairu 2030) as a way to reach a model of sustainable city in 30 years. However, this model has contributed to the production of tensions and disputes, influencing the life of artisanal fishermen, individuals who set the urban space into a coastal rural territory. This paper aims to demonstrate the tensions and/or conflicts between the fishing lifestyles and the imposed development model which arises from the inability of the strategic planning perspective that configure the city as a company. The methodology applied was based on field and documentary research, prioritizing interviews and observation visits during the last 4 years. It was concluded that the fishing communities, especially the ones located in Cairu, are submitted to a constant and perverse process of resilience, in which the individuals who live there have their rights infringed due to a development model that does not include them.
Expansão urbana de Feira de Santana/Ba: atuação do Estado e do setor imobiliário (2004 – 2018)
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2019-09-30) Araújo, Antônio Marcello Ricci de; Teixeira, Aparecida Netto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Maina Pirajá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Azevedo, Tânia Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santos, Jânio Lautentino de Jesus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santos, Sandra Medeiros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
The expansion of the city of Feira de Santana has a strong influence of public and private agents. The State stands out for its great influence through urban legislation, as well as public policies, particularly housing. In recent decades, Brazil has had housing policies for the low-income population that are important for studies on urban space production and urban expansion. The real estate sector also has great influence when it promotes the Transformation of urban spaces into merchandise, obtaining, in the over-profits of urban areas, their greatest interest. In this way, the private and public sectors act together in urban expansion with their own interests and in the dependence among them, through housing programs. The study of this thesis aims to analyze the process of urban expansion of Feira de Santana-BA, between 2004 and 2018, based on the performance of public and private agents. The central hypothesis of this thesis is that urban expansion in Feira de Santana was initially promoted by the action of the real estate sector, through the implementation of irregular or regular subdivisions; dismemberment of rural areas up to the large enterprises implemented by urbanizing companies. The municipal government acted in the formulation of laws and plans, in articulation with the demands of the real estate sector, with losses in the quality of the urban space resulting from this process. Investments in infrastructure made by the public sector in locations close to private sector enterprises show the relationship between the two sectors. The Urban Development Master Plan and the Urban Land Management Law, instituted in 2018, demonstrate this aspect by favoring the soil market. The residential allotments and closed condominiums and the housing developments of the State programs promoted urban expansion, creating new spaces in the city, mixing social classes and different socioeconomic strata, causing segregation and self-segregation. With the implementation of closed condominiums, especially the horizontal projects carried out by the real estate sector, it can be observed that this market prevail the logic of space-merchandise, in which the State defines plans and laws for zoning urban space and access to places of public spaces, socially produced, is mediated by the real estate market. In spite of the fact that this production covers the needs of different social classes, it contradicts itself with regard to private appropriation. The State is one of the main producers of the transformation of urban space and the modification of value of the land through the formation of land reserves; the implementation of public services and equipment for collective use or financing through public policies and regulation of real estate activities. The study, then, tries to answer if the performance of the public and private sectors, as agents of urban expansion, generated positive or negative results for the city of Feira de Santana.
Fatores endógenos e exógenos que afetam o desempenho de Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia: os casos da Bahia e do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Católica do Salvador, 2018-01-25) Santos, Nilton de Santana dos; Baiardi, Amilcar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5894026951550520; Silva, Raimundo Luiz Nunes Vaz da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2445409246977757; Mata, Henrique Tomé da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9168722643424017; Mendes, Januzia Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6529245288863530; Miranda, Fabihana Souza Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6577693682037243
The present research aimed to investigate and identify the endogenous and exogenous factors of influence in the educational performance and the quality of the teaching of the Federal Education Institutes of Science and Technology of Bahia and Espírito Santo was designed to understand why these institutes belonging to the same federal education network, and under the guidance and supervision of the (SETEC / MEC), demonstrated disparity in student’s performance during the Enem / 2014 Examination, despite the fact that both have the same teaching policies, implemented by the MEC, and with equitable budgetary / financial allocations for the implementation of its administrative and didactic-pedagogical activities. In this sense, this research was carried out in a comparative nature, using exploratory and explanatory investigation as data source management reports, as well as bibliographical research, to inquire and understand the educational process, from colonization to present day, as well as the set of guidance and rules by which the Brazilian educational system is designed and organized. A field inquiry with questionnaires and interviews targeting Pro-Rectors of Teaching, Institutional Development, Research and Extension made it possible to identify and analyze a series of endogenous and exogenous factors that affect institutional performance such as: screening and enrolling process; internships; financial resource for scholarships; high dropout rate; teacher engagement; family participation in the teaching-learning process; among others. These points reported by the interviewees reinforce the dualism of teaching in Brazil, historically implanted, that still persists in the present times. The results of this study indicate that the endogenous and exogenous factors that affect the quality of teaching can be mitigated by more effective educational policies and some more efficient actions of the MEC itself, which can help managers make decisions that are more coherent with reality through a more effective planning and evaluation of performance.
O fenômeno das águas doces na Região Metropolitana do Salvador: usos, alterações e abandono
(Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2018-10-27) Porciuncula, Débora Carol Luz da; Alencar, Cristina Maria Macêdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2257876241055037; Carvalho, Silvana Sá de; Tinôco, Moacir Santos; Palavizini, Roseane Simões; Randolph, Rainer
This study demonstrates how the urbanization/industrialization process of Salvador-BA Metropolitan Area (SMA) appropriated the fresh waters of this territory, generating territorial tensions due to the use of water with changes in its course, and its subsequent abandonment. It was based on the central hypothesis that the current civilizational model, ruled hegemonically in the urban/industrial logic, considered inexorable before other forms of material and immaterial life production, is responsible for compromising availability, quality and access to water in Salvador-BA Metropolitan Area. It was verified that this process is closely related to Planning, based on a conception of Nature that guided the appropriation of the waters of that region as resource. In contrast, in other moments, water has been perceived by the planners as an obstacle to full urban/industrial development. The methodology adopted was the characterization and socio-historical problematization of the relationship between the city of Salvador and its metropolitan area with the waters. The Qualitative Indicators of Metropolitan Rurality were applied in the identification of empirical evidences that stress the rural and urban way of life, specifically in relation to the waters. The evidence was systematized in various forms of dispute expressed in three categories of tensions: (i) in the appropriation of water; (ii) in the uses that generate environmental risks; and (iii) the use of water in cultural activities. The theoretical foundations of this methodology made it possible to characterize the relationship between the rural and the urban, and between these categories and water, which are proposed as Qualitative Indicators of Tensions on Use of Water (IQTA).

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